2. Incorporating crop residues in soil near root zone: WITH BHU-SWANAND
The intention of these methods is to obtain microbe rich organic manure near the root zone.This method is primarily aimed at composting the crop residues near the root zone.
Method consists of:
Step I : Collect organic waste near root zone.
Step II : Spray cow dung slurry along with Bhu- swanand solution.
These two intrinsic factors literally translate into the setting up of BIOLOGICAL FACTORIES where tonnes of biomass in the form of leaf litter, wood shavings, and animal droppings get incorporated into the soil.
Animal wastes (cattle, sheep, poultry, piggery) and coffee husk are also constantly incorporated into the soil and then get converted into available nutrients for plant growth and development. This ongoing process not only maintains soil fertility, but also enhances growth of roots.
2.1 Ring method:
For horticulture crops like pomegranate, custard apple, mangoes , citrus etc where drip irrigation is not available, there is a general practice of applying compost or FYM or organic fertilizer before the start of monsoon.
Ring Method of application is used. This method consist of excavating a round trench of 6' x 6' along the stem with half a canopy diameter and in this trench fertilizers are applied. We suggest putting organic waste whichever are available below this fertilizer layer and spray solution of Bhu-swanand after first rain showers. During rainy season moisture is maintained and compost gets ready with in a month or two .
2.2 Method to incorporate Mulch into the soil
Mulch is any material placed on the soil surface to conserve moisture, lower soil temperatures around plant roots, prevent erosion and reduce weed growth. Mulches can be derived from either organic or inorganic materials. Natural mulch consists of dead leaves, twigs, fallen branches, cane trash and other plant debris which accumulate in the farm. Bacteria, fungi and other living organisms use these raw organic materials for food during the process.
- Spray Bhu-swanand solution on mulch after moistening it.
- Soil can be spread over it but very lightly.
- Application of Cow dung slurry is beneficial for microorganism growth.
 Benefits of mulch degradation
Organic mulches not only conserve moisture, they also feed plants, earth worms, microbes and other beneficial soil life by composting at the moist earth surface. More species and tonnage of life occurs below than above the soil surface. All soil life needs energy. They cannot collect energy directly as green plants do, but feed on energy released from decaying mulch which is their preferred food source.
Organic matter decomposition near or on top of root zone serves two important functions, namely supply of energy to the biotic community and secondly, supply of carbon, which is the single most important element of all living beings.
Benefits of these methods:
- Micro organisms mainly carry out composting. In this entire process the quality of soil texture gets improved because of enhanced microbial
activity.
- Enzymes secreted by the bacteria during the compost process are beneficial for root growth development.
- Beneficial micro organisms suppress pathogens resulting in control of diseases.
- This process happens in the top soil, so heat generated is not injurious to roots but beneficial for their development.
- Transportation cost of fertilizer is practically minimised.
Dosage 100 ml Bhu-Swanand in 100 litres of water per M. T. of cow dung
Bhuswanand contains potentised botanical extracts of :
-
Bombax Malabaricum
- Dendrocalamus Sp.
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